THE COLLEGE OF ST MARY MAGDALEN IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD

Rhif yr elusen: 1142149
Mae'r adroddiad gan yr elusen wedi'i ddiweddaru (ar amser)

Trosolwg o'r elusen

Gweithgareddau - sut mae'r elusen yn gwario ei harian

a) To further study, learning, education & research and to be a College within the Univ of Oxford wherein men and women may carry out advanced study & research b) To provide for public worship through the provision, support & maintenance of a Chapel & Choir c) Insofar as it is not incompatible with (a) and (b), advancement of the arts, heritage, culture and science for the benefit of the public.

Incwm a gwariant

Data ar gyfer y flwyddyn ariannol yn gorffen 31 July 2024

Cyfanswm incwm:
£45,627,000

Mae testun amgen ar gyfer y graffeg gynfas hon yn y tabl data isod.
Roddion a chymynroddion £3.84m
Weithgareddau elusennol £9.24m
Weithgareddau masnachu eraill £741.00k
Buddsoddiadau £31.74m
Arall £72.00k

Cyfanswm gwariant:
£40,205,000

Mae testun amgen ar gyfer y graffeg gynfas hon yn y tabl data isod.
Codi arian £23.66m
Weithgareddau elusennol £16.55m
Arall £0

-£44,896,000 enillion (colledion) buddsoddiadau

Gwariant elusennol

Charitable expenditure

Some charities generate all, or a substantial part, of their income from investments which may have been donated to the charity as endowment or set aside by the charity from its own resources in the past. Such investments usually take the form of stocks and shares but may include other assets, such as property, that are capable of generating income and/or capital growth.

In managing their spending and investments charities need to strike a balance between the needs of future and current beneficiaries. They also need to take account of spending commitments that may stretch over a number of future years. To do this, charities will normally adopt an investment strategy designed to generate both income and capital growth. To maximise returns trustees may commit to investment strategies for several years.

Investments can experience large swings in value so trustees may, in a particular year, decide to realise and spend part of their charity’s capital or to invest part of its income.

By clicking the investment gains checkbox the charitable spending bar is adjusted to take account of capital growth as well as income. This shows the balance the charity is striking, between spending on current beneficiaries and retaining resources for future beneficiaries.

Mae testun amgen ar gyfer y graffeg gynfas hon yn y tabl data isod.
Codi arian a Arall Gwariant £23.66m
Gwariant elusennol £16.55m
Cadwyd i'w ddefnyddio yn y dyfodol £5.42m

Pobl

379 Gweithwyr

70 Ymddiriedolwyr

Gweithwyr sydd â chyfanswm buddion dros £60,000

Nifer y cyflogeion
£60k i £70k 6
£70k i £80k 10
£80k i £90k 1
£90k i £100k 4
£100k i £110k 3
£110k i £120k 1
£120k i £130k 1
£150k i £200k 2

Codi arian

Dim gwybodaeth ar gael

Masnachu

Mae un neu fwy o ymddiriedolwyr hefyd yn gyfarwyddwyr yr is-gyrff.

Taliadau i ymddiriedolwyr

Mae un neu fwy o ymddiriedolwyr yn derbyn taliadau neu fuddion gan yr elusen oherwydd eu bod yn darparu gwasanaethau i'r elusen.

Beth, pwy, sut, ble

Yr hyn y mae'r elusen yn ei wneud:
  • Addysg/hyfforddiant
  • Gweithgareddau Crefyddol
  • Celfyddydau / Diwylliant / Treftadaeth / Gwyddoniaeth
  • Amgylchedd/cadwraeth/treftadaeth
Pwy mae'r elusen yn eu helpu:
  • Grwpiau Diffi Niedig Eraill
Sut mae'r elusen yn helpu:
  • Rhoi Grantiau I Unigolion
  • Darparu Adeiladau/cyfl Eusterau/lle Agored
  • Darparu Gwasanaethau
  • Noddi Neu’n Gwneud Gwaith Ymchwil
Ble mae'r elusen yn gweithredu:
  • Swydd Rydychen

Llywodraethu

Hanes cofrestru:
  • 27 Gorffennaf 2011: Cofrestrwyd
Math o sefydliad:
Other
Enwau eraill:
  • MAGDALEN COLLEGE OXFORD (Enw gwaith)
Rhodd cymorth:
Nid yw'n cael ei gydnabod gan CThEM ar gyfer rhodd cymorth
Rheoleiddwyr eraill:
  • Y Comisiwn Ansawdd Gofal
Polisïau:
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau bwlio ac aflonyddu
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau ymgyrchoedd a gweithgaredd gwleidyddol
  • Trin cwynion
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau cwynion
  • Buddiannau croes
  • Cynnwys siaradwyr allanol mewn digwyddiadau elusennol polisi a gweithdrefnau
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau cronfeydd arian wrth gefn
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau rheolaethau ariannol mewnol elusen
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau rheoli risg mewnol
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau buddsoddi cronfeydd elusen
  • Buddsoddi
  • Talu staff
  • Rheoli risg
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau diogelu
  • Diogelu buddiolwyr agored i niwed
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau adrodd am ddigwyddiadau difrifol
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau cyfryngau cymdeithasol
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau gwrthdaro buddiannau ymddiriedolwyr
  • Polisi a gweithdrefnau treuliau ymddiriedolwyr
Tir ac eiddo:
Mae'r elusen hon yn berchen ar ac/neu'n gosod tir neu eiddo ar brydles

Ymddiriedolwyr

Ymddiriedolwyr yw’r bobl sy’n gyfrifol am reoli’ gwaith, rheolaeth a gweinyddiaeth yr elusen. Gellir adnabod ymddiriedolwyr wrth enwau eraill megis cyfarwyddwyr, aelodau pwyllgor, llywodraethwyr neu rywbeth arall, ac nid ydynt fel arfer wedi’u cyflogi gan yr elusen. Mae’r ymddiriedolwyr yn gyfrifol am ddiweddaru'r rhestr hon a gallant wneud hyn wrth ddiweddaru eu manylion fel y maent yn digwydd trwy'r gwasanaeth ar-lein.

70 Ymddiriedolwyr

Enw Rôl Dyddiad y penodiad Ymddiriedolaethau eraill Statws adrodd ymddiriedolaethau eraill
Dinah Rose Cadeirydd 01 September 2020
CHARLES AND JULIA HENRY FUND
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
ROYAL ACADEMY OF MUSIC
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
Dr Eunyoung Chae Ymddiriedolwr 06 January 2025
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Georgina Dransfield Ymddiriedolwr 01 January 2025
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Robert Alick Harris Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2024
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Jordan Stanley English Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2024
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Ruiwen Dong Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2024
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Jack Beaulieu Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2024
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Teresa Libushe Maria Thurston Ymddiriedolwr 01 September 2024
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Gillian Woods Ymddiriedolwr 01 September 2024
Dim ar gofnod
Scott Williamson Ymddiriedolwr 01 April 2024
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Teresa Barucci Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2023
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Barnabas Kristof Janzer Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2023
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Christian Rupprecht Ymddiriedolwr 01 September 2023
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Rosa Vidal Doval Ymddiriedolwr 01 September 2023
Dim ar gofnod
Dr Lauren Phillips Ymddiriedolwr 13 February 2023
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Michael Neidig Ymddiriedolwr 01 January 2023
Dim ar gofnod
Yong Shen Ymddiriedolwr 20 November 2022
THE MAGDALEN COLLEGE DEVELOPMENT TRUST
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
PROF Lars Ostergaard Ymddiriedolwr 01 November 2022
Dim ar gofnod
PROF CLARE HARRIS Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2022
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Laura Swift Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2022
Dim ar gofnod
Albert Edward Ray Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2021
THE OXFORD PLAYHOUSE TRUST
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
Sean Francis Rainey Ymddiriedolwr 09 August 2021
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Timothy Barraclough Ymddiriedolwr 01 September 2019
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Richard Cornall Ymddiriedolwr 01 July 2019
Dim ar gofnod
The Revd Dr Andrew Bowyer Ymddiriedolwr 01 July 2019
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Bernhard Salow Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2018
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Raphaele Garrod Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2018
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Paul Billingham Ymddiriedolwr 01 April 2018
Dim ar gofnod
Professor Simon Ashley Gilson Ymddiriedolwr 01 January 2018
SOCIETY FOR ITALIAN STUDIES
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
Prof AVI LIFSCHITZ Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2017
Dim ar gofnod
MARK WILLIAMS Ymddiriedolwr 01 January 2017
Dim ar gofnod
Prof OFRA MAGIDOR Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2016
Dim ar gofnod
PROF RAHUL SANTHANAM Ymddiriedolwr 01 January 2016
Dim ar gofnod
PROF CHRISTIAN LEITMEIR Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2015
Dim ar gofnod
PROF PAUL ELBOURNE Ymddiriedolwr 01 September 2015
Dim ar gofnod
PROF LUCY BOWES Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2014
Dim ar gofnod
PROF SIAN POOLEY Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2014
Dim ar gofnod
Prof Jeremias Adams-Prassl Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2014
Dim ar gofnod
PROF JULIEN BERESTYCKI Ymddiriedolwr 01 July 2014
Dim ar gofnod
PROF LAURA FORTUNATO Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2013
Dim ar gofnod
PROF ROBIN CLEVELAND Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2011
THE MAGDALEN COLLEGE DEVELOPMENT TRUST
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
Dr ALEXY KARENOWSKA Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2011
Dim ar gofnod
Prof JENNIFER CASTLE Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2009
Dim ar gofnod
PROF STEPHEN GOODWIN Ymddiriedolwr 01 August 2009
Dim ar gofnod
PROF CHRISTOPHER GARLAND Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2008
Dim ar gofnod
PROF STUART MACKENZIE Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2008
Dim ar gofnod
PROF MARTIN BRIDSON Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2007
Dim ar gofnod
Prof THOMAS NORMAN Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2007
Dim ar gofnod
PROF GERO MIESENBOECK Ymddiriedolwr 01 July 2007
Dim ar gofnod
PROF SIMON HOROBIN Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2006
Dim ar gofnod
PROF HARVEY WHITEHOUSE Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2006
Dim ar gofnod
PROF ADRIAN HILL Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2004
Dim ar gofnod
PROF CONSTANTIN COUSSIOS Ymddiriedolwr 01 January 2004
Dim ar gofnod
PROF JAN KRISTENSEN Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2003
Dim ar gofnod
Dr ALFONSO MORENO Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2003
Dim ar gofnod
THE REVD PROF ROB GILBERT Ymddiriedolwr 02 October 2002
Dim ar gofnod
PROF RODERICK BAGSHAW Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2002
Dim ar gofnod
PROF ROBERT DOUGLAS-FAIRHURST Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2002
Dim ar gofnod
Dr REIDAR DUE Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2002
Dim ar gofnod
PROF ARZHANG ARDAVAN Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2001
Dim ar gofnod
PROF TIMOTHY DONOHOE Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 2001
Dim ar gofnod
PROF NICHOLAS STARGARDT Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 1999
Dim ar gofnod
PROF GILES BARR Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 1999
Dim ar gofnod
Dr MARK POBJOY Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 1998
Dim ar gofnod
PROF ZHONG YOU Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 1998
Dim ar gofnod
Professor Alison Etheridge OBE FRS Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 1997
Dim ar gofnod
Dr FARHAN NIZAMI Ymddiriedolwr 06 May 1997
Dim ar gofnod
PROF KATHARINE GREVLING Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 1992
Dim ar gofnod
Prof John Nightingale Ymddiriedolwr 22 January 1986
THE NIGHTINGALE TRUST
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
THE NORTH DOWNS SOCIETY
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
THE HILL FOUNDATION
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
THE WYE RURAL MUSEUM TRUST
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
THE MAGDALEN COLLEGE DEVELOPMENT TRUST
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
THE CROMARTY TRUST
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
MURSTON ALL SAINTS TRUST
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
THE JUSTINIAN BRACEGIRDLE EXHIBITION FOUNDATION
Derbyniwyd: Ar amser
PROF JOHN GREGG Ymddiriedolwr 01 October 1981
Dim ar gofnod

Hanes ariannol

" role="img"> Mae testun amgen ar gyfer y graffeg gynfas hon yn y tabl data isod.

Dyddiad diwedd cyfnod ariannol

Incwm / Gwariant 31/07/2020 31/07/2021 31/07/2022 31/07/2023 31/07/2024
Cyfanswm Incwm Gros £19.61m £20.30m £29.56m £42.20m £45.63m
Cyfanswm gwariant £19.61m £21.50m £30.09m £38.31m £40.21m
Incwm o gontractau'r llywodraeth N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Incwm o grantiau'r llywodraeth N/A N/A N/A £134.86k N/A
Incwm o roddion a chymynroddion £1.63m £2.29m £5.69m £7.79m £3.84m
Incwm o weithgareddau masnachu eraill £9.00m £266.00k £542.00k £1.25m £741.00k
Incwm - Weithgareddau elusennol £5.69m £5.93m £7.53m £8.23m £9.24m
Incwm - Gwaddolion £581.00k £888.00k £721.00k £235.00k £187.00k
Incwm - Buddsoddiad £2.77m £11.54m £15.77m £24.74m £31.74m
Incwm - Arall £532.00k £280.00k £30.00k £199.00k £72.00k
Incwm - Cymynroddion £0 £0 £2.39m £3.69m £1.09m
Gwariant - Ggweithgareddau elusennol £12.82m £14.91m £18.34m £16.29m £16.55m
Gwariant - Ar godi arian £6.79m £6.59m £11.75m £22.02m £23.66m
Gwariant - Llywodraethu £0 £41.00k £42.00k £61.00k £61.00k
Gwariant - Sefydliad grantiau £0 £0 £0 £244.00k £232.00k
Gwariant - Rheoli buddsoddiadau £2.01m £5.94m £10.49m £20.08m £22.06m
Gwariant - Arall £0 £0 £0 £0 £0

Asedau a rhwymedigaethau

Diffiniadau ar gyfer asedau a rhwymedigaethau
Asedau hunan ddefnydd

Asedau yw’r rhain, ac nid buddsoddiadau, a ddelir am fwy na 12 mis ac a ddefnyddir i redeg a gweinyddu’r elusen megis adeiladau, swyddfeydd, arddangosfeydd a gosodiadau a ffitiadau.

Buddsoddiadau Tymor Hir

Buddsoddiadau yw asedau a ddelir gan yr elusen gyda’r unig nod o gynhyrchu incwm a ddefnyddir ar gyfer eu dibenion elusennol megis cyfrifon cadw, rhanddaliadau, eiddo a rentir ac ymddiriedolaethau unedau.
Ailbrisir asedau buddsoddi bob blwyddyn ac fe’u cynhwysir yn y fantolen ar eu gwerth marchnad cyfredol.
Delir buddsoddiadau tymor hir am fwy na 12 mis.

Asedau eraill

Asedau yw’r rhain a ddelir yn gyffredinol am lai na 12 mis megis arian parod a balansau banc, dyledwyr, buddsoddiadau i'w gwerthu o fewn y flwyddyn sydd i ddod a stoc masnachu.

Ased neu rwymedigaeth cynllun pensiwn budd a ddiffiniwyd

Arian dros ben neu ddiffyg yw hwn mewn unrhyw gynllun pensiwn budd a ddiffinnir sy’n cael ei weithredu ac mae’n cynrychioli ased neu rwymedigaeth tymor hir botensial.

Cyfanswm rhwymedigaethau

Dyma’r holl symiau sy’n ddyledus gan yr elusen ar ddyddiad y daflen balans i drydydd partïon megis biliau sy’n ddyledus ond heb eu talu hyd yn hyn, gorddrafftiau banc a benthyciadau a morgeisi.

" role="img"> Mae testun amgen ar gyfer y graffeg gynfas hon yn y tabl data isod.
Asset / Liability 31/07/2020 31/07/2021 31/07/2022 31/07/2023 31/07/2024
Asedau hunan ddefnydd £32.72m £34.97m £705.76m £82.20m £41.69m
Buddsoddiadau tymor hir £335.73m £658.66m £657.29k £755.52m £844.02m
Cyfanswm asedau £11.86m £18.55m £97.60m £153.14m £123.22m
Ased neu rwymedigaeth cynllun pensiwn budd a ddiffiniwyd -£2.66m -£2.69m -£5.23m -£3.18m £0
Cyfanswm rhwymedigaethau £35.61m £41.77m £49.70m £200.09m £225.72m

Cyfrifon a datganiadau enillion blynyddol

Mae'r tabl hwn yn dangos hanes yr elusen o gyflwyno datganiadau ariannol blynyddol, cyfrifon ac adroddiad blynyddol ymddiriedolwyr (TAR) ar gyfer y pum cyfnod ariannol diwethaf.
Teitl Blwyddyn adrodd Dyddiad derbyn Derbyniwyd Download
Adroddiad blynyddol 31 Gorffennaf 2024 27 Mawrth 2025 Ar amser
Cyfrifon a TAR 31 Gorffennaf 2024 27 Mawrth 2025 Ar amser Download Agorwch mewn ffenestr newydd
Adroddiad blynyddol 31 Gorffennaf 2023 20 Mawrth 2024 Ar amser
Cyfrifon a TAR 31 Gorffennaf 2023 20 Mawrth 2024 Ar amser Download Agorwch mewn ffenestr newydd
Adroddiad blynyddol 31 Gorffennaf 2022 05 Ebrill 2023 Ar amser
Cyfrifon a TAR 31 Gorffennaf 2022 05 Ebrill 2023 Ar amser Download Agorwch mewn ffenestr newydd
Adroddiad blynyddol 31 Gorffennaf 2021 15 Mawrth 2022 Ar amser
Cyfrifon a TAR 31 Gorffennaf 2021 15 Mawrth 2022 Ar amser Download Agorwch mewn ffenestr newydd
Adroddiad blynyddol 31 Gorffennaf 2020 02 Mawrth 2021 Ar amser
Cyfrifon a TAR 31 Gorffennaf 2020 02 Mawrth 2021 Ar amser Download Agorwch mewn ffenestr newydd
Cyflwyno datganiad ariannol blynyddol Agorwch mewn ffenestr newydd

Dogfen lywodraethu

Manylion am y math o ddogfen lywodraethu sydd gan yr elusen a phan y'i sefydlwyd.
Nid dyma destun llawn dogfen lywodraethu'r elusen.

DEED OF FOUNDATION OF THE BISHOP OF WINCHESTER OF 12 JUNE 1458, STATUTES LAST AMENDED 2011 AND BYLAWS

Gwrthrychau elusennol

(A) TO FURTHER STUDY, LEARNING, EDUCATION AND RESEARCH AND TO BE A COLLEGE WITHIN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD WHEREIN MEN AND WOMEN MAY CARRY OUT ADVANCED STUDY AND RESEARCH (DESCRIBED IN THESE STATUTES AS LEARNING AND EDUCATION); (B) TO PROVIDE FOR PUBLIC WORSHIP THROUGH THE PROVISION, SUPPORT AND MAINTENANCE OF A CHAPEL AND CHOIR; (C) IN SO FAR AS IT IS NOT INCOMPATIBLE WITH OBJECTS (A) AND (B), THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE ARTS, HERITAGE, CULTURE AND SCIENCE FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE PUBLIC.

Maes buddion

Y maes y gall yr elusen weithredu ynddo, fel y nodir yn ei dogfen lywodraethu.

OXFORDSHIRE

Elusennau cysylltiedig

Elusennau cysylltiedig
Elusen gysylltiedig 1142149-1 LAW TUTORSHIP TRUST
Dogfen lywodraethu
DECLARATION OF TRUST DATED 22/07/2011
Gwrthrychau elusennol
TO ADVANCE THE EDUCATION OF THE PUBLIC IN LAW AND IN PARTICULAR TO: A FUND A FELLOWSHIP AND TUTORSHIP FOR THE STUDY TEACHING AND RESEARCH IN LAW AT THE COLLEGE AND THE PAYMENT OF SALARY AND ASSOCIATED EXPENDITURE TO THE HOLDER FOR THE TIME BEING OF SUCH FELLOWSHIP AND TUTORSHIP B FUND SALARY AND ASSOCIATED EXPENDITURE TO THE HOLDERS FOR THE TIME BEING OF ANY OTHER FELLOWSHIP AND TUTORSHIP FOR THE STUDY TEACHING AND RESEARCH IN LAW AT THE COLLEGE C FUND EXPENDITURE TO ADVANCE STUDY OF LAW AT THE COLLEGE D FUND EXPENDITURE FOR STUDY TEACHING AND/OR RESEARCH AT THE COLLEGE IN SUCH OTHER SUBJECTS DECIDED BY THE TRUSTEES PROVIDED THAT ALL SUCH STUDY TEACHING AND RESEARCH SHALL ADVANCE LEARNING AND ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE FOR THE PUBLIC BENEFIT AND PROVIDED THAT FUNDS SHALL BE APPLIED UNDER PARAGRAPH A IN PRIORITY TO PARAGRAPHS B AND C AND SHALL BE APPLIED UNDER PARAGRAPHS B AND C IN PRIORITY TO PARAGRAPH D. AND PROVIDED FURTHER THAT FUNDS SHALL NOT BE APPLIED UNDER PARAGRAPH D UNLESS (I) THERE ARE AT THE COLLEGE AT LEAST THREE FELLOWSHIPS AND TUTORSHIPS IN LAW OR (II) THE PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE SHALL HAVE CERTIFIED TO THE TRUSTEES IN WRITING THAT HAVING REGARD TO THE NUMBER OF LAW STUDENTS AND SUITABLY QUALIFIED APPLICANTS TO STUDY LAW AT THE COLLEGE THERE IS NO NEED FOR THE TIME BEING OF THREE OR MORE FELLOWSHIPS AND TUTORSHIPS IN LAW AT THE COLLEGE.
Maes buddion
Hanes cofrestru
  • 27 Gorffennaf 2011 : Cofrestrwyd

Contact Information

Cyfeiriad yr elusen:
MAGDALEN COLLEGE
HIGH STREET
OXFORD
OX1 4AU
Ffôn:
01865276020
E-bost:
CHARITY@MAGD.OX.AC.UK
Gwefan:

WWW.MAGD.OX.AC.UK